Epa Again Bars Reporters From Water Pollution Event

Тексты по теме «Экология & Экологические проблемы» для активизации лексики при подготовке к экзамену. Тексты даются в порядке по возрастанию сложности. Предварительно рекомендуется повторить английские слова по теме «Environmental. Ecological Problems».

Содержание:

1. Text №1 «Assist wild animals»
2. Text №2 «Climatic changes»
3. Text №3 «Environmental issues» (for pre-intermediate)
4. Text №4 «Greenish peace»
5. Text №5 «Greenish fuel»
6. Text №6 «Ecological bug»
7. Text №vii  «Protection of the surroundings in Russian federation»
8. Text №8 «Environmental problems» (for upper-intermediate)
9. Summary (Выводы)
10. Questions

Texts on the topic «Ecologу. Ecological Problems»

Text 1. Help Wild fauna

I recollect information technology is necessary to help wild animals. Many of them are in danger now. For case, pandas which alive in the jungle and white bears which live in the Arctic.

White bears eat fish. If people pollute rivers and seas, animals dice.

All woods are dwelling house to animals and birds. Information technology is important to have care of them. If trees are damaged and flowers and grass are cutting, birds and animals will get instinct.

Each of u.s.a. can do something to help nature. We must not frighten animals and birds. We must never intermission plants or baby copse.

At that place are a lot of ways to help our planet. We must accept care of it.

Questions:

1. How does the growth of cities influence nature?
2. How can people assist wild animals?

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Text 2. Climatic Changes

Words:

1. carbon dioxide — углекислый газ
2. oxygen — кислород
3. heat – тепло
4. to get in — пропускать
5. to become out — выпускать

Climate is a weather a certain place has over a long flow of time. Climate has a very of import influence on plants, animals and humans and is different in different parts of the globe.

Just recently the climate has inverse a lot, peculiarly in Europe. Scientists think that the reason is greenhouse result. It is acquired past carbon dioxide (углекислый газ). Carbon dioxide is produced when we burn things. Also people and animals breathe in oxygen and exhale out carbon dioxide. As you know, trees take this gas from air and produce oxygen . But in the last few years people have cut down and burn big areas of rainforest. This ways that at that place are fewer trees and more than carbon dioxide.

This gas in the atmosphere works like glass in a greenhouse. Information technology lets heat go in, but it doesn't let much rut exit. So the atmosphere becomes warmer.

Greenhouse effect is sometimes called global warming.

Questions:

1. What is climate like?
2. What practice you know nigh greenhouse effect?
3. What office does carbone dioxide play in the process of global warming?

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Text 3. Environmental problems (for pre-intermediate)

Words:

1. severely polluted — сильно загрязнены
2. harmful substances  — вредные вещества

We are the caretakers of the earth. Nosotros know that polluted air, water and state are harmful to plants, animals and people. In Russian federation there a lot of regions which are severely polluted. It is plants that pollute our temper with tons of harmful substances. These are very dangerous wastes. They get into the air and are carried by winds for great distances.

60% of the air pollution is caused by different ways of transport: cars, trucks, buses.

Then we must remember that when nosotros use aerosol sprays, nosotros destroy the ozone layer which protects the Earth from the dangerous ultraviolet rays of the sun.

The listing of serious environmental problems can be connected …..

Questions:

1. What kinds of pollution can you proper noun?
2. What is the main source of air pollution?
3. What practise you know about the ozone layer?

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Text 4. Dark-green Peace

Green Peace is an international ecology organization which fights against the pollution of the surround. It was founded in 1969 past a group of Canadian environmentalists. Members of Dark-green Peace appear in the places where the environment is endangered. They ever deed fast.

The world knows about the Green Peace activity to terminate hunting whales or killing baby seals. They block the fashion to the ships that endeavour to dump waste, and work hard to create a nuclear-free world.

The action of Greenish Peace ofttimes annoys governments, companies and people who don't care about the future of the world.

Green Peace has offices in many countries, including Russian federation. People, who can't take part in Light-green Peace actions directly back up this organisation with money.

Greenish Peace members are oft called "greens". The "greens" are group of people whose aim is protection of natural things, east.g. plants and animals.

Questions:

1. How can we save the earth'due south wildlife?
2. What do you know nigh Green Peace?
3. Would yous like to join the organization?

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Text five. Green Fuel

Words:

1. fuel — топливо
2. biotechnology [ˌbaɪəutek'nɔləʤɪ] – биотехнология
3. environmentally friendly — экологически чистый
4. to derive from– получать, извлекать
5. emission – выделение
6. to penetrate — завоевывать, проникать
7. finite – ограниченный, исчерпаемый
8. fossil – ископаемое

A new low-cost fuel is being developed by a biotechnology visitor. It is chosen biobutanol and is expected to exist the all-time environmentally friendly fuel for transport.

Butanol is derived from waste material plant material (biomass) and is an attractive replacement for petrol.

It reduces non just CO_ii emissions simply also our dependence on finite fossil fuels.

The Great britain's Minister for Science said: "The evolution of biofuels is expected to play a major office in reducing send emissions. Climate change is a huge global trouble. Nosotros believe the UK must put its best efforts towards developing the new technologies."

Questions:

1. How can people save nature resources?
2. What is the most promising fuel of the future?
3. Why is butanol environmentally-friendly?

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Text 6. Ecological Bug

Environmental is a science which studies the relationship between all forms of life on our planet and the surround.

Since ancient times Nature has served Man, giving him everything he needs: air to exhale, food to consume, water to beverage, wood for edifice and fuel for heating his domicile.  For thousands of years people lived in harmony with the surround and information technology seemed to them that the resources of Nature had no end or limit.

With the industrial revolution our negative influence on Nature began to increase.  Large cities with thousands of polluting plants and factories tin can be constitute nowadays all over the globe. They pollute the air we exhale, the water we drink, the fields where our crops are grown. Big cities suffer from smog. Cars with their engines have become the master source of polluting in industrial countries.

Vast forests are cut down everywhere for the needs of industries. As a result many kinds of animals, birds, fish and plants are disappearing nowadays.

The pollution of the air and the globe's oceans and the thinning the ozone layer are the other bug arising from men'southward careless attitude to environmental.

Active measures should be taken to relieve the life on our planet. There is an international organization called Greenpeace which is doing much to preserve the environment.

Questions to the text on ecological problems:

1. Why are the wild animals in danger?
2. What climatic changes are the near threatening?
3. Is there whatever manner to brand our air cleaner
4. What is Green Peace?
5. What are the main ecological problems?

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Text 7. Protection of the Surround in Russia

There are many big and pocket-size rivers, green forests, high mountains, lakes and seas in Russian federation. In that location are a lot of industrial enterprises in our country, that's why we tin can't ignore the problem of the protection of our environment. In Russian federation and onetime Soviet republics at that place are some areas where the environment is in poor land. It is the Aral Sea, Lake Baikal and Chernobyl. We accept to control atmospheric and water pollution, to study man's influence on the climate.

The pollution of the environs influences the life of animals, plants and human being life. If we don't use chemicals in a proper way nosotros'll pollute our environment. Our plants and factories put their waste materials into water and temper and pollute the environment. There are many kinds of send in our big cities, that 's why we must pay attention to the protection of our nature and the health of the people.

Now radiations has become one of the main bug. It is not good for health of people. Many people died from radiation some years ago in Chernobyl. It was a tragedy.

Another trouble is earthquakes. We know some terrible earthquakes in the world. Our scientists try to forecast earthquakes, then we tin protect ourselves from them.

The people all over the world exercise everything to protect nature, to make their country richer, to make their life happier. We need to haves laws and decisions on this important subject.

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Text 8. Environmental problems (for upper-intermediate)

Words:

1. uncommonly – исключительно
2. interference – вмешательство
3. caste — степень
4. involve – вовлекать
5. industrial enterprises –промышленные предприятия
6. in addition to – в добавление к
7. present — представлять
8. a threat – угроза
9. a source – источник

The present environmental issues have become exceptionally urgent. If many years ago people lived in harmony with the environment, today their interference in the Nature has reached such a degree that it becomes dangerous for their lives.  And if the same tendencies remain for the next years, our planet will soon get uninhabited. The ecological bug are not the bug of a single isolated country. They are global in character and involveastward all countries in the world.  The ecological bug have much in common. The main problem is pollution. It is not a secret that  every year more and more industrial enterprises are built.

And they have a very bad environmental consequence. They pollute the air nosotros breathe, the water we beverage and the country that grain and vegetables grow on.

In addition to air pollution people upset the oxygen balance of our planet because people cut downward forests and wood. One of the most unsafe things is radiation. In that location is a greаt number of nuclear ability stations. They have many advantages for the manufacture, only they present a threat for the life.

Nature is a source of our life and destroying it we destroy ourselves. People forget that natural resource are not endless even though they seem unlimited. Nature has enough resources for the present generation. But their amount becomes less with every twelvemonth. To protect nature is a duty of all people.

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Я надеюсь, что данные тексты по теме «Ecology. Ecological problems» помогут вам подготовиться к экзамену по английскому языку. Тексты взяты из разных источников.

Summary (Выводы:)

I.The main ecology issues are the source of the Man's activity. They are h2o pollution, air pollution, land pollution and atmospheric change.

• Water pollution, which is acquired by plants & factories, by testing nuclear weapons, dumping industrial waste.

ПРИМЕР. Thousands of fish die every year every bit a consequence of the illegal dumping of waste.

• Air pollution, which is caused both by buses and cars and also by plants and factories.

ПРИМЕР. 1 of the effects of air pollution is acid pelting. Information technology is dissentious to h2o, forests and soil resources. It is blamed for disappearance of fish from many lakes, for the wide-spread death of forests in European mountains.

• State pollution, which is caused by radioactive waste, dumps (свалки), dirty h2o, fertilizers, pesticides.

ПРИМЕР It is interesting to know that the primary source of pollution are children nether 2 years erstwhile, because every second a "pampers" is dumped.

• Atmospheric change which leads to climatic changes (because of the greenhouse effect), the increasing radiation from the lord's day (because the ozone layer is thinning).

Груды памперсов, скопились на Британских островах. Они не разлагаются в земле (процесс занимает около 100 лет) Чтобы бороться с этой проблемой, правительство стало доплачивать женщинам, которые пользуются обычными пеленками или бумажными подгузниками. Уже накопившиеся памперсы решили сжигать на специальных предприятиях. Ученые заверяют, что смогут уменьшить выбросы в атмосферу с помощью специальных очистных фильтров. Но стоит ли верить, что можно будет избежать загрязнения воздуха?

II.Nowadays there is a great risk of ecological disasters. It is nuclear pollution and leak of radiations.

• Nuclear pollution (=radioactive contamination), which is caused past nuclear power stations if they go wrong. Such nuclear accident happened in Chernobyl. In 1986 the Chernobyl nuclear ability station suffered a fire, which causes radioactive contamination of a lot of regions. As a issue many people died, those who had survived suffered terrible deceases till the finish of their life.
• Leak of radiation equally a consequence of improper nuclear-waste disposal (утечка радиации из-за неправильного захоронения ядерных отходов)

III. Devastation of wild fauna & countryside dazzler also takes place . The key problems are:

• mass-tourism — массовый туризм
• cutting down forests — вырубка
• poaching — браконьерство

People need wood for building furniture. Every day  they utilize paper and cardboard, which is also fabricated from wood. But every mean solar day some species (kinds) of animals and plants disappear from the Earth. It's the result of the pollution air, land and h2o. Likewise some animals are hunted for the sake of fur, ivory, horns or tusks. More than that, cutting down trees people take turned the areas of thick forest into deserts. The animals merely accept no place to live equally their habitats are destroyed.

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Questions on the topic «Ecological problems»

1. What can common people do to protect nature (to stop pollution)? / What measures should exist taken to protect nature?
2. What can you lot personally do to help nature?
3. Why is it dangerous to pollute land?
4. What tin can pollution of air and h2o pb to?
5. What can yous say nigh global warming?
6. What practice you know about Green Peace?
7. Why are the nuclear power stations so dangerous for people? What do you know about Chernobyl?
8. Why are forests important for life on the Earth?
9. What are the main ecological problems nowadays?
10. What must people do to protect wildlife?
11. Do you think that life was better in the past (the air was cleaner, the water was purer)?
12. What may happen to our planet if our interference in the Nature remains the aforementioned?
13. What are advantages and disadvantages of the industrial progress?
14. What is the dramatic result of cutting downwardly forests and wood?
15. What would you suggest to attract people to the issues of pollution and ecology?
16. What tin can y'all say virtually the present ecological state of affairs? Is the trouble of environmental protection urgent today?
17. What does nature give to homo?
18. How is the problem solved today?
19. Is acrid rain damaging to nature?
20. What do y'all know about radioactive contamination of environment?
21. Why practise some species of animals and plants disappear from the Earth?
22. What cause the "greenhouse upshot"?
23. Has annihilation been washed to solve ecological problems?
24. What does the ozone layer protect the Earth from?
25. Where does the carbon dioxide come from?

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ОТВЕТЫ:

one. What can common people do to protect nature?

• to stop pollution ( utilize filters, recycle waste matter, develop new technologies)
• to salvage natural resources
• to have care of nature ( non to cut downwards forests, etc.)

People must practise something! For example, to protect water people make special filters and air purifiers. People must collect waste product properly and then it does not get into water or land and likewise recycle. There is a expert formula of RRR. It is Reduce, Reuse and Recycle.

But I remember the best solution is to develop technologies which produce no waste. There are likewise some alternatives to cleaners and pesticides, soda, for example. Also solar energy  can be used instead of fossil fuels (ископаемое топливо).

People also should not cutting downwardly forests and other plants. To protect animals they must organize National parks and Wildlife reservations.

Nuclear bombs testing must be stopped to prevent radioactive contagion of the atmosphere.

ii. What can you personally do to aid nature?

To protect nature people should modify their attitude to information technology. Man should stop taking everything he needs. It is good that at last people kickoff to realize that they should proceed air and water clean. Efforts are made to reduce pollution from automobile engines. What can we common people do? I call up the beginning and the simplest thing is to keep our environment clean, clear abroad the rubbish afterward yourselves, be careful with the fire.  The other thing that nosotros should cultivate a sense of duty in our children, in our youth to take care of our nature, our planet.

Nosotros can reduce the usage of electricity and drinking water. For example, when yous clean your teeth and let the water run, you lot lose ii or three liters of water. Now multiply 3 liters past the number of people in our city and you lot volition see that it is a lot. But we can stop it if nosotros switch off the water. We can reduce the usage of packing and ownership things in plastic packs. It is important considering it is very difficult to recycle plastic. If we reuse plastic bags, the factories will produce less of them and will harm Nature less.

In short: I can reduce the usage of gas, electricity and h2o. I can reuse many things (clothes, for example), newspaper, bottles.

 3. Why i s it dangerous to pollute land?

We swallow plants, only if the land is polluted, the plants go poisonous. If we swallow them, we ruin our health. The aforementioned is with water.

4. What tin can pollution of air and water pb to?

4. What tin you say most global warming?

Over the past ii decades the temperature of the Earth's atmosphere has gradually increased. Global warming is ane of the climatic effects of polluted air. It worries a lot of people. If the temperature rises, the Chill water ice volition melt and cover the land.

5. What do you know about Green Peace?

Light-green Peace organizes campaigns to protect Nature. See Text №4

6. Why are the nuclear ability stations so unsafe for people? What do you know nearly Chernobyl?

Nuclear power stations tin can went wrong and cause the radioactive contamination of the surroundings. Everyone remembers Chernobyl's disaster. At that place was a nuclear blow in 1986. Many people died from radiation in that location. Those who had survived suffered from terrible deceases for the rest of their lives.

7. Why are forests of import for life on the Earth?

They produce oxygen and give home for wild animals.

8. What are the primary ecological issues nowadays?

See the summary.

9. What must people practise to protect wild fauna?

To protect animals they must organize National parks and Wild life reservations.

10. D o you retrieve that life was better in the past (the air was cleaner, the water was purer)?

11. What may happen to our planet if our interference in the Nature remains the same?

The ecological balance of our planet will be broken. If pollution and contamination of land, water and air continues the damage acquired by this to nature may become irreversible. If people bear on like this, the world will somewhen run out of energy, fresh air and make clean water. It can bring to the extermination of the people, and turning the whole planet into either a desert or the Northward Pole. People couldn't walk without special masks and had to buy air to breathe. It would be a disaster.

thirteen. What are advantages and disadvantages of the industrial progress?

xiv. What is the dramatic result of cut downward forests and woods?

fifteen. What would you propose to attract people to the problems of pollution and ecology?

16. What can yous say virtually the present ecological situation? Is the problem of environmental protection urgent today?

Aye, the problem of protection the nature is of principal importance today. Through their daily activities people pollute and contaminate land, h2o and air. If it continues the damage may become irreversible. People have always polluted their surroundings. But it was not a serious problem every bit long equally there was plenty space for people to live. Nowadays with the rise of avant-garde technology, the rapid spread of industrialization and the increase of man populations pollution has get a universal problem. The price for rapid industrial development is very high: natural resource are exhausted, the ecological balance of the planet is disturbed.

17. What does nature requite to man?

See text №half-dozen.

 18. How is the problem solved today?

In that location are some anti-pollution organizations. The virtually famous of them is Dark-green peace.

The mass media often campaign confronting dissimilar acts of polluting nature. Numerous anti-pollution acts are passed in dissimilar countries.

xix. Is acid rain damaging to nature?

One of the effects of air pollution is acid rain. Information technology is damaging to water, forests and soil resources. It is blamed for disappearance of fish from many lakes, for the wide-spread death of forests in European mountains.

20. What do you lot know most radioactive contamination of surround?

Radioactive materials from nuclear weapons could crusade serious damage to environs.

Another concern is accidents at nuclear power plants. In 1986 the Chernobyl nuclear power plant nearly Kiev suffered a fire, resulting in a major release of radioactive particles.

21. Why do some species of animals and plants disappear from the Earth?

The disappearance of some species is the event of the pollution air, country and water. City and industrial waters, chemicals and fertilizers endanger fish in the lakes, rivers and ponds. Moreover some animals were exterminated (истреблены) because of people greediness.

These animals were hunted for the sake of  fur, ivory, horns or tusks. Likewise cutting downwards copse people have turned the areas of thick forest into deserts. The animals simply have no place to live.

22. What cause the "greenhouse effect"?

The "greenhouse effect" is caused by carbon dioxide, which prevents heat from escaping. Global warming or the "greenhouse effect" can cause melting of the polar ice, raising of the sea level and flooding of the coast areas of the world.

23. Has anything been done to solve ecological problems?

In contempo years people have understood the necessity of protecting natural resource and wildlife. It becomes clear that to keep air and h2o clean, strict pollution control is necessary. Numerous pollution acts passed in different countries. This led to considerable improvements. In many countries measures have been taken to protect rivers and seas from oil contamination, purifying systems for industrial water have been installed. Reservations and national parks for wild animals and undisturbed nature are existence developed in some parts of the world.

24. What does the ozone layer protect the Earth from?

It protects the World from infinite radiation. It is being destroyed because through many procedure  poisonous gases are thrown out into the air.

25. Where does the carbon dioxide come up from?

• We produce it when we burn down things.
• People and animals breathe in oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide.
• Trees take this gas from air and produce oxygen. But in the last few years people have cutting down and burn big areas of rainforest. This means that there are fewer copse and more carbon dioxide.

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